"In its annual review, the UN says the gap between carbon cutting plans and the reductions required to keep temperature rises below 2 degrees Celsius is 'alarmingly high'.

Pledges made so far cover only one-third of the cuts needed by 2030 to keep below that goal, the review warns.

Even if all the promises are kept, temperatures might still rise by 3 degrees by 2100.

However, cost-effective options are available that can close the gap."

Matt McGrath reports for BBC News October 31, 2017. [2]

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"Bonn, the Global Climate Village: Bigger, Greener ... Better?" (Deutsche Welle) [3]